
At a NATO summit in Lisbon, Portugal, in mid-November, U.S. representatives reaffirmed the likelihood of American troops remaining in Afghanistan through the end of 2014. The potential end date extends President Obama's proposed drawdown date of summer 2011 by more than three years.
The announcement echoed what Secreta ry of Defense Robert M. Gates stated earlier in the month. At a media roundtable in Melbourne, Australia, Secretary Gates, referring to President Obama's original time line, told reporters, "1 hope the Taliban think [July 2011 is] an end date because it's not, and they're going to be very surprised come August, September, October and November, when most American forces are still there and still coming after them."
With the current emphasis on training, the expectation is that Afghan forces would be numerous and welltrained enough by the end of 2014 to take over primary security for much of the country. As security is established and Afghan forces prove competent, responsibility will be transferred to them district by district. The most restive areas, those in the country's south and east, where most U.S. troops are fighting, will be transferred last. Ultimately, however, any drawdown would be based on conditions on the ground. In mid-December, there were some 100,000 U.S. troops and 50,000 coalition forces in Afghanistan.
Some U.S. commanders have voiced concern over the difficulty of training Afghan troops, many of whom cannot read and are often undisciplined and unreliable in the eyes of U.S. soldiers. The late November killing of six men assigned to 4th Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), by an Afghan border policeman in eastern Afghanistan's Nangarhar Province has been seen by some as testimony not only to the danger of working with the local security forces, but also to the risk of their changing loyalties.
By mid-November, 2010 had already become the bloodiest year of fighting for coalition forces in Afghanistan since the war began. Despite media assessments of the fight there as grim, in December, GEN David H. Petraeus remained positive. The top U.S. commander in Afghanistan told the Associated Press, "We believe that we have arrested the momentum that the Taliban achieved in recent years in many areas of the country. Not all, but that we have reversed it in some important areas, including right here, in Kabul, which is home to one-sixth or one- fifth of the country."
Upcoming Deployments. In November, DoD announced the deployment of four major units to Afghanistan. As part of upcoming rotations of forces, two headquarters totaling about 1,600 soldiers and two Infantry brigade combat teams (IBCTs) composed of 6,800 personnel will begin deploying in early 2011 and continue through the fall. The deploying headquarters units are 1st Cavalry Division Headquarters, Fort Hood, Texas, and 82nd Airborne Division Headquarters, Fort Bragg, N.C. The Infantry brigade combat teams are the 170th IBCT, Baumholder, Germany, and the 172nd IBCT, Grafenwoehr and Schweinfurt, Germany.
HOA Training. In December, leaders of the Combined Joint Task ForceHorn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) headquarters staff that deploys to Djibouti this month engaged in a two- week handson exercise at the Joint Warfighting Center complex in Suffolk, Va. The training is critical for a smooth transition.
CJTF-HOA, which focuses on East Africa and Yemen, will partner with African countries to help build their capabilities, thus promoting regional security and stability. CJTF-HOA is part of U.S. Africa Command, originally led by GEN William E. (Kip) Ward. Upon confirmation, GEN Carter F. Ham will become the next commanding general.
MilGaming Portal Expands. With gaming being one of its most costeffective training methods, the Army in iate November expanded its MilGaming portal. The online forum for gamers, educators, gaming developers and trainers launched in February and offers officially sanctioned military wargames such as Virtual BattleSpace. The downloadable software on the site - rrdlgammg.army.mil - now includes a suite of PC-based virtual tiaining applications and tools. Since the site's inception, more than 12,000 users have logged some 10,000 hours downloading software and sharing scenarios, models, terrains and videos they have created. As they play, the gamers hone their own reflexes and training.
The site is accessible to anyone with a DoD Common Access Card and allows people to exchange knowledge, tips and ideas on military gaming at home station or while deployed. Soldiers have the opportunity to add their personal contributions to the forum based on their own experience.
The portal now includes mobile applications that can be used with i Phones, iPads and Androids as well as interactive language programs.
In addition, the expansion allows instant access to technical support, training events and online instruction.
The U.S. Army Combined Arms Center-Training's National Simulation Center and the U.S. Army Program Executive Office for Simulation, Training and Instrumentation also added updates that included Virtual BattlesSpace 2 and Vignette Planning and Rehearsal Software, a program that allows users to design and build their own scenarios representing asymmetric aspects of conflict. Another software program is a 3-D simulation that enables users to practice conducting meetings and negotiation.
The web site will be expanded further: Scheduled for release in April is a program for practicing battle command in counterinsurgency operations. Officials are developing games that will allow soldiers to train beyond simply first-person shooting, such as scenarios that teach the importance of cultural impact, mannerisms and behaviors.
Fort Hood Update. Following a military court hearing at Fort Hood, Texas, for MAJ Nidal Hasan, the Army psychiatrist accused of killing 13 and wounding 32 in a shooting at the installation in 2009, COL James Pohl, who oversaw the proceedings, recommended in November that the American-born Muslim officer stand trial and face the death penalty.
More than two dozen soldiers wounded in the November 5, 2009, shooting at a crowded medical building on the post testified, some via video link from Afghanistan or Iraq, at the Article 32 hearing that began in October. COL Pohl also reviewed recordings of emergency calls and footage that MAJ Hasan recorded on his cell phone showing a gun-store manager demonstrating how to use a gun. The defense did not present any evidence, and MAJ Hasan declined to comment.
COL Pohl found cause to "support 13 specifications of premeditated murder and 32 specifications of attempted premeditated murder" and "reasonable grounds to believe an aggravating factor exists to authorize capital punishment." The report was submitted to COL Morgan Lamb, Special CourtMartial Convening Authority, at Fort Hood, who was also waiting for results from a mental competency and responsibility board assigned to evaluate MAJ Hasan. If COL Lamb agrees with the court-martial recommendation, it will be forwarded to a commanding general who will make the filial decision.
Wounded Warrior Web Site. In November, U.S. Army Warrior Transition Command (WTC) launched a new web site - www.WTC.army.mil - that is a comprehensive source of information on Army warrior care in an effort to improve care and meet soldiers' needs. To be eligible for assignment to a Warrior Transition Unit (WTU), wounded, ill and injured soldiers require at least six months of complex medical care. The new web site contains information helpful not only to those warriors in transition, but to other wounded soldiers.
The Army asked for feedback from soldiers at 29 WTUs located throughout the United States and Europe as well as severely wounded Army veterans. According to the 1,650 respondents, among their most urgent needs was having one comprehensive web site that would help users navigate the benefits system and would offer accessible and reliable resources. COL Darryl Williams, commander of WTC, said the new site is "designed to clearly outline each step of the way for wounded warriors and their families, covering administrative processes, benefits and resources."
The web site, with some 30 pages of content and images, contains information on the Army Physical Disability Evaluation System, the Army Wounded Warrior Program, career and education options, and resources for families and caregivers. It also explains the comprehensive transition plan for all wounded warriors, a six-part recovery and transition process that includes a plan customized by the soldier.
IED Update. The director of the Pentagon's Joint Improvised Explosive Device (IED) Defeat Organization, LTG Michael L. Oates, stated in a counterIED update briefing in early December that IED attacks in Iraq have greatly decreased while IED incidents in Afghanistan, where the bombs differ significantly from those used in Iraq, have increased considerably in the last year and a half.
Although the number of IED attacks in Afghanistan has increased to about 1,300 to 1,400 a month, the number of events is small when compared with the monthly average of 4,000 events at the height of the fighting in Iraq. LTG Oa tes pointed out, however, that IEDs in Afghanistan come with different challenges. They are homemade, usually based on fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate and potassium chlorate, so they have very low or no metallic content, making them harder to detect. Furthermore, they have simple detonation systems, as opposed to those found in Iraq that frequently had remote-control detonation capability. IEDs in Afghanistan are primarily detonated by pressure plates; they are "victim operated," killing indiscriminately - civilians as well as soldiers.
As U.S. and other coalition forces have surged troops into Afghanistan, LTG Oates stated, the Taliban have "conducted their own surge," and in the last few months there has been a significant rise not only in IEDs, but also in direct fire.
Quality of Life Awards. In December, the Army announced it is seeking submissions for its third annual Secretary of the Army Quality of Life Awards, which recognize individual and command efforts in improving soldier and family quality of life during 2010. The submission deadline is February 1, 2011, and the awards will be presented during the 2011 Association of the United States Army Installations Symposium and Exposition to be held in San Antonio, Texas, in April.
The competition is open to all Army commands, service-component commands and direct-reporting units as well as Army Reserve and Army National Guard units and personnel. For more information, visit www.acsim. army.mil/awards.html.
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GENERAL OFFICER CHANGES*
LTG M.D. Barbero from Dep. CG for Advising and Training, USF-I. OND, Iraq, to Dir.. JIEDDO. Arlington, Va.
LTG H.B. Bromberg from Sr. Cmdr. for Fort Bliss, Texas, to Dep. CG/CoS, FORSCOM, Fort McPherson. Ga.
aLTG M. Ferriter from CG, MCoE and Fort Benning, Ga., to Dep. CG for Advising and Training, USF-I. OND.
Brigadier Generals: R.O. Baker from Dep. CG (M), 1st Armored Division/Dep. CGEast, USD-C, OND, Iraq, to Dir. for Operational Plans and Jt. Force Development, J-7, The Jt. Staff, Washington, DC; S.F. Donahue from CG, USA Engineer Division, South Pacific, San Francisco, Calif., to Dir., J-7, USF-I, OND; CK. Haas from Cmdr., SOCAFRICA. AFRICOM to Cmdr., CFSOCC Forward-Afghanistan, OEF, Afghanistan; F.B. Hodges from Dep. Cmdr.. Stability, RC-S, ISAF, NATO, Afghanistan, to Dir., PACC The Jt. Staff, Washington, DC.
* AFRICOM-US. Africa Command; CFSOCC- Combined Forces Special Operations Component Command; CoS - Chief of Staff; FORSCOM-U.S. Army Forces Command; ISAF- International Security Assistance Force; JIEDDO - Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization; MCoE - U.S. Army Maneuver Center of Excellence: NATO - North American Treaty Organization; OEF-Operation Enduring Freedom; UND-Operation New Dawn; PACC- Pakistan/Afghanistan Coordination Cell; RC-S-Regional Command-South; SOCAFRICA- Special Operations Command Africa; USD-C-US. Division-Center; USF-I-U.S. Forces-Iraq.
* Assignments to general officer slots announced by the General Officer Management Office, Department of the Army. Some officers are listed at the grade to which they are nominated, promotable or eligible to be frocked. The reporting dates for some officers may not yet be determined.
COMMAND SERGEANTS MAJOR CHANGES*
CSM RA. Grippe from I Corps, JB Lewis-McChord, Wash., to SEA, USCENTCOM. Fla.
CSM R.J.Wells from U.S. Army Engineer Regiment, Fort Leonard Wood, Mo, to U.S. Army MSCoE and Fort Leonard Wood.
* JB-Joint Base; MSCoE- Maneuver Support Center of Excellence; SEA - Senior Enlisted Advisor; USCENTCOM-U.S. Central Command.
* Command sergeants major positions assigned to general officer commands.
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Army Casualties in Afghanistan
The following U.S. Army soldiers were reported killed in Operation Enduring Freedom from November 1 to November 30, 2010. All names have been released through the Department of Defense; families have been notified.
SPC Shane H. Ahmed, 31
SGT Edward H. Bolen, 25
SPC Jacob C. Carroll, 20
CPL Jacob R. Carver, 20
SPC Shannon Chihuahua, 25
SGT Aaron B. Cruttenden, 25
SPC Justin E. Culbreth, 26
SPC Jonathan M. Curtis, 24
CPL Shawn D. Fannin, 32
SSG Sean M. Flarvnery, 29
PVT Devon J. Harris, 24
SFC Todd M. Harris, 37
PFC Kyle M. Holder, 18
SPC Andrew L. Hutchins, 20
SPC Dale J. Kridlo, 33
SPC Brett W. Land, 24
SPC Nathan E. Lillard, 26
SPC David C. Lutes, 28
SGT Jason J. McCluskey, 26
PFC Andrew N. Meari, 21
SPC William K. Middleton, 26
SPC Scott T. Nagorski, 27
SSG Kevin M. Pape, 30
SGT Michael F. Paranzino, 22
PFC Shane M. Reifert, 23
SSG Juan L. Rivadeneira, 27
SPC David S. Robinson, 25
SSG David P. Senft, 27
SPC Jesse A. Snow, 25
SPC Anthony Vargas, 27
PFC Christian M. Warriner, 19
SPC Blake D. Whipple, 21
SPC James C. Young, 25
Army Casualties in Iraq
The following U.S. Army soldiers were reported killed in Operation New Dawn from November 1 to November 30, 2010. All names have been released through the Department of Defense; families have been notified.
SSG Loleni W. Gandy, 36
SGT David J. Luff Jr., 29